What should be paid attention to during the installation and subsequent maintenance of fire sprinklers?

1. Installation positioning and layout specifications

The installation position and layout of fire sprinkler heads are the primary guarantee of system effectiveness. According to national standards, sprinkler heads should be installed in the center, coordinated with the layout of the building decoration ceiling, and maintained in rows and lines with lamps, smoke detectors and other equipment to ensure the overall coordination and safety of the fire protection system.

Specific to the installation requirements of different types of sprinkler heads:

The distance between the splash plate and the top plate of upright and pendant standard sprinkler heads must be strictly controlled within the range of 75 to 150 mm. This distance range has been scientifically verified to ensure that the water spray coverage area can be guaranteed and the water spray obstruction caused by improper distance can be avoided.

The installation distance of the side wall sprinkler head should be controlled between 50 and 100 mm from the wall. This distance ensures that the sprinkler head can effectively cover its protection range. During installation, special attention should be paid to the direction of the sprinkler head being parallel to the wall to avoid blind areas of water spraying.

Special space layout: When the width of beams, air ducts, drainage pipes or bridges exceeds 1.2 meters, additional sprinklers must be installed below the belly of these obstacles to avoid affecting the normal operation of the sprinklers. For the ceiling space above the suspended ceiling, if the clearance height exceeds 800 mm and there are combustibles inside, sprinklers must be installed as required.

The pipe layout of the sprinkler system also has strict requirements. The main pipe should be installed below, while the sprinkler branch pipe should be located above the main pipe, and a certain slope should be formed in the direction of the main pipe. This design is intended to facilitate future maintenance and drainage operations of the system. There are also special requirements for the installation position of the water flow indicator at the bend of the pipe and near the valve. It should be at least 15cm away from the elbow and at least 60cm away from the valve.

2. Daily maintenance and regular maintenance

The maintenance of the sprinkler system is a necessary measure to ensure its long-term reliable operation.

• Weekly maintenance: It is necessary to check whether the water pressure in the pipe is normal, whether the power supply of each water supply pump is normal, and whether all electrical components are intact to ensure that the system is in a combat state. At the same time, an appearance inspection should be carried out to check whether the sprinkler head is cracked or leaking.

• Monthly inspection:more comprehensive, including checking all sprinkler heads for leaks and other abnormalities, checking whether each valve is intact and refueling and maintenance. Water discharge tests should also be carried out layer by layer every month to check whether the alarm of the water flow indicator is normal, whether the water level switch is sensitive and can start the corresponding water supply pump.

• Quarterly maintenance:mainly for water supply pumps for medium maintenance, the content corresponds to the maintenance requirements of fire hydrant pumps. Including checking key parameters such as pump body sealing, bearing lubrication, motor insulation performance, etc., to ensure that the water pump can be put into operation immediately in an emergency.

• Annual inspection:A comprehensive assessment of the entire sprinkler system is required, including pipeline corrosion inspection, sprinkler sensitivity test, alarm valve group function verification, etc. Especially for concealed engineering parts, such as pipes in the ceiling, the inspection port should be opened for internal inspection to prevent the accumulation of problems that have been ignored due to long-term concealment.

Any problems found during maintenance should be handled immediately and recorded. For example, when a nozzle is contaminated by paint, it should be replaced in time, loose pipe supports should be reinforced immediately, and valve leaks must be repaired immediately. All maintenance work should be reported in writing, including the inspection date, inspector, problems found, measures taken and verification results.